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<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: xx-large"><span style=""><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza H3N8 Virus (CIV)<br />
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<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><img style="width: 428px; height: 300px" alt="" src="http://www.summertreeclinic.com/sites/site-2721/images/347ffb49-7f00-0001-4dc5-2d8a300136cc.jpg" /><img height="300" alt="" width="400" src="http://www.summertreeclinic.com/sites/site-2721/images/bulldog asleep (Custom).jpg" /><br />
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<h6 style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">The following information on Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) is based primarily on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Key Facts About Canine Influenza (Dog Flu).</span></span></h6>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">What is canine influenza (dog flu)?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Dog flu is a contagious respiratory disease in dogs caused by a specific Type A influenza virus. This is a disease of dogs, not of humans. The “canine influenza virus” is an influenza A H3N8 influenza virus (not a human influenza virus) that was originally an equine (horse) influenza virus. This virus has spread to dogs and can now spread between dogs.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">How long has canine influenza been around?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The H3N8 equine influenza virus has been known to exist in horses for more than 40 years. In 2004, however, cases of an unknown respiratory illness in dogs (initially Greyhounds) were reported. An investigation showed that this respiratory illness was caused by the equine influenza A H3N8 virus.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Scientists believe that this virus jumped species (from horses to dogs) and has now adapted to cause illness in dogs and spread efficiently among dogs. This is now considered a new dog-specific lineage of H3N8. In September of 2005, this virus was identified by Dr. Cynda Crawford, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, and Dr. Edward J. Dubovi, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, as “a newly emerging pathogen in the dog population” in the United States.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">What are the symptoms of this infection in dogs?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The symptoms of this illness in dogs are cough, runny nose, and fever. A small proportion of dogs, however, can develop severe disease. CIV cannot easily be distinguished from other causes of respiratory infection based on clinical signs alone. It is often mistaken for kennel cough and other respiratory infections caused by pathogens in the canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) complex because of shared clinical signs. CIRD complex is a relatively new term used to describe respiratory disease in dogs that may be caused by a number of co-mingled viral or bacterial pathogens. Some of the better-known pathogens are distemper virus, adenovirus type 2, </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">parainfluenza, canine herpesvirus and </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">.</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: x-large"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8</span></span></b></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8, the first vaccine for canine influenza virus (CIV), was granted a conditional license by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) on May 27, 2009, for use by veterinarians in the United States.</span></b></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">Why was the vaccine developed?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine was developed to provide more comprehensive respiratory </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">protection for dogs, specifically to curb the spread of CIV, which has now </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">been diagnosed in 30 states and the District of Columbia. In addition, in November 2006, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Executive Board issued the following statement: “The AVMA believes there is urgent need for an effective canine influenza virus vaccine to improve the health and welfare of animals and reduce the financial impacts of canine influenza.” (http://www.avma.org/issues/policy/canine_influenza.asp)</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What do studies show about the vaccine’s safety and effectiveness?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8, a killed virus, has been shown to significantly decrease the signs, severity, and spread of CIV infection. The vaccine reduces the duration and severity of coughing, protects against the formation and severity of lung lesions, and significantly reduces the duration and degree of viral shedding, the period when the disease is contagious. The vaccine’s safety was confirmed in a 746-dog field study. Over 30 breeds, age 6 weeks to 10 years, participated in the testing.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Which dogs should be vaccinated against CIV?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Because CIV is a new disease, virtually every dog not previously exposed to the virus will become infected. Many dogs are candidates for the vaccine because of routine contact with other dogs who may be carrying the virus, congregating in such places as dog parks, veterinary clinics, boarding kennels, breeding kennels, dog shows, training settings, shelters, adoption centers, pet shops, neighborhood walks and other locations.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine gives veterinarians one more tool in providing their canine patients with more comprehensive respiratory protection. In addition to canine influenza, there are other causes of canine cough, such as </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">, or kennel cough. The risk factors are the same for both diseases—close contact and closed environments. In addition, kennel cough and CIV are difficult to differentiate in early stages because initial symptoms are similar and diagnostic confirmation of CIV can take up to 2 weeks.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What if a dog has CIV? Should it be vaccinated?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine should be given to healthy dogs, 6 weeks of age or older.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>How is it administered?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine is given by subcutaneous (under the skin) injection in two doses, 2 to 4 weeks apart.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What are the possible side effects?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">There were no side effects in the vaccine field safety trial, which included 746 dogs of various ages and breeds. As with any vaccine, allergic reactions may occur in a small percentage of animals.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Can the vaccine cause dogs to get CIV?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">No. The vaccine cannot cause the disease because it is made with an inactivated (killed) virus. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>How often should the vaccine be given?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Every year. It is recommended that the vaccine be administered annually along with the </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">, canine parainfluenza, and adenovirus type 2 vaccines to provide more comprehensive protection against canine infectious respiratory diseases.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Is there a particular time of year when it should be given?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The CIV vaccine can be given at any time. Unlike human flu, CIV is not seasonal, and dogs are vulnerable year-round.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Are there new strains of CIV each year, as is the case in human flu?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">New strains have not been detected.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Does the CIV vaccine protect against other animal influenzas, such as swine, avian or equine?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine is specific to canine influenza.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Who developed the vaccine and why?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine was developed by research scientists at Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health, a leader in respiratory disease prevention and treatment, as a response to the growing incidence of outbreaks and a call for the vaccine from the AVMA.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What is a conditional license?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Conditional licenses are granted following the acceptance of data supporting product purity, product safety under normal conditions of use in field safety trials, and demonstration that the product has a reasonable expectation of efficacy. In the past, the USDA, through the Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB), has typically issued conditional licenses to meet an emergency situation, limited market, local situation, or other special circumstances. Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health has conducted extensive studies and continues to work with CVB towards full licensure of the vaccine.<br />
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<p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="font-size: small">Download the "Canine Influenza: What do I need to know?" Brochure </span></strong><a target="_blank" href="http://www.casalindaanimalclinic.com/files/36410831.pdf"><strong><span style="font-size: small">here.</span></strong></a></p>
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<p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="font-size: small">Download "Canine Influenza: Frequently Asked Questions by Dog Owners" </span></strong><a target="_blank" href="http://www.casalindaanimalclinic.com/files/36412704.pdf"><strong><span style="font-size: small">here.</span></strong></a></p>
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<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: xx-large"><span style=""><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza H3N8 Virus (CIV)<br />
</span></span></b></span></span><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><br />
</span></span></b></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><img style="width: 428px; height: 300px" alt="" src="http://www.summertreeclinic.com/sites/site-2721/images/347ffb49-7f00-0001-4dc5-2d8a300136cc.jpg" /><img height="300" alt="" width="400" src="http://www.summertreeclinic.com/sites/site-2721/images/bulldog asleep (Custom).jpg" /><br />
</span></span></b></span></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">The following information on Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) is based primarily on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Key Facts About Canine Influenza (Dog Flu).</span></span></h6>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">What is canine influenza (dog flu)?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Dog flu is a contagious respiratory disease in dogs caused by a specific Type A influenza virus. This is a disease of dogs, not of humans. The “canine influenza virus” is an influenza A H3N8 influenza virus (not a human influenza virus) that was originally an equine (horse) influenza virus. This virus has spread to dogs and can now spread between dogs.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">How long has canine influenza been around?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The H3N8 equine influenza virus has been known to exist in horses for more than 40 years. In 2004, however, cases of an unknown respiratory illness in dogs (initially Greyhounds) were reported. An investigation showed that this respiratory illness was caused by the equine influenza A H3N8 virus.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Scientists believe that this virus jumped species (from horses to dogs) and has now adapted to cause illness in dogs and spread efficiently among dogs. This is now considered a new dog-specific lineage of H3N8. In September of 2005, this virus was identified by Dr. Cynda Crawford, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, and Dr. Edward J. Dubovi, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, as “a newly emerging pathogen in the dog population” in the United States.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #14377d; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">What are the symptoms of this infection in dogs?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The symptoms of this illness in dogs are cough, runny nose, and fever. A small proportion of dogs, however, can develop severe disease. CIV cannot easily be distinguished from other causes of respiratory infection based on clinical signs alone. It is often mistaken for kennel cough and other respiratory infections caused by pathogens in the canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) complex because of shared clinical signs. CIRD complex is a relatively new term used to describe respiratory disease in dogs that may be caused by a number of co-mingled viral or bacterial pathogens. Some of the better-known pathogens are distemper virus, adenovirus type 2, </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">parainfluenza, canine herpesvirus and </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">.</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: x-large"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8</span></span></b></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8, the first vaccine for canine influenza virus (CIV), was granted a conditional license by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) on May 27, 2009, for use by veterinarians in the United States.</span></b></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><b><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Bold','sans-serif'">Why was the vaccine developed?</span></b></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine was developed to provide more comprehensive respiratory </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">protection for dogs, specifically to curb the spread of CIV, which has now </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">been diagnosed in 30 states and the District of Columbia. In addition, in November 2006, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Executive Board issued the following statement: “The AVMA believes there is urgent need for an effective canine influenza virus vaccine to improve the health and welfare of animals and reduce the financial impacts of canine influenza.” (http://www.avma.org/issues/policy/canine_influenza.asp)</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What do studies show about the vaccine’s safety and effectiveness?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Canine Influenza Vaccine, H3N8, a killed virus, has been shown to significantly decrease the signs, severity, and spread of CIV infection. The vaccine reduces the duration and severity of coughing, protects against the formation and severity of lung lesions, and significantly reduces the duration and degree of viral shedding, the period when the disease is contagious. The vaccine’s safety was confirmed in a 746-dog field study. Over 30 breeds, age 6 weeks to 10 years, participated in the testing.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Which dogs should be vaccinated against CIV?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Because CIV is a new disease, virtually every dog not previously exposed to the virus will become infected. Many dogs are candidates for the vaccine because of routine contact with other dogs who may be carrying the virus, congregating in such places as dog parks, veterinary clinics, boarding kennels, breeding kennels, dog shows, training settings, shelters, adoption centers, pet shops, neighborhood walks and other locations.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine gives veterinarians one more tool in providing their canine patients with more comprehensive respiratory protection. In addition to canine influenza, there are other causes of canine cough, such as </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">, or kennel cough. The risk factors are the same for both diseases—close contact and closed environments. In addition, kennel cough and CIV are difficult to differentiate in early stages because initial symptoms are similar and diagnostic confirmation of CIV can take up to 2 weeks.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What if a dog has CIV? Should it be vaccinated?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine should be given to healthy dogs, 6 weeks of age or older.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>How is it administered?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine is given by subcutaneous (under the skin) injection in two doses, 2 to 4 weeks apart.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What are the possible side effects?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">There were no side effects in the vaccine field safety trial, which included 746 dogs of various ages and breeds. As with any vaccine, allergic reactions may occur in a small percentage of animals.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Can the vaccine cause dogs to get CIV?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">No. The vaccine cannot cause the disease because it is made with an inactivated (killed) virus. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>How often should the vaccine be given?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Every year. It is recommended that the vaccine be administered annually along with the </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-LightItalic','sans-serif'">Bordetella</span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">, canine parainfluenza, and adenovirus type 2 vaccines to provide more comprehensive protection against canine infectious respiratory diseases.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Is there a particular time of year when it should be given?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The CIV vaccine can be given at any time. Unlike human flu, CIV is not seasonal, and dogs are vulnerable year-round.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Are there new strains of CIV each year, as is the case in human flu?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">New strains have not been detected.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Does the CIV vaccine protect against other animal influenzas, such as swine, avian or equine?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine is specific to canine influenza.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>Who developed the vaccine and why?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">The vaccine was developed by research scientists at Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health, a leader in respiratory disease prevention and treatment, as a response to the growing incidence of outbreaks and a call for the vaccine from the AVMA.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large"><span style="color: #aa112c; font-family: 'Frutiger-Roman','sans-serif'"><strong>What is a conditional license?</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Frutiger-Light','sans-serif'">Conditional licenses are granted following the acceptance of data supporting product purity, product safety under normal conditions of use in field safety trials, and demonstration that the product has a reasonable expectation of efficacy. In the past, the USDA, through the Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB), has typically issued conditional licenses to meet an emergency situation, limited market, local situation, or other special circumstances. Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health has conducted extensive studies and continues to work with CVB towards full licensure of the vaccine.<br />
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<p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="font-size: small">Download the "Canine Influenza: What do I need to know?" Brochure </span></strong><a target="_blank" href="http://www.casalindaanimalclinic.com/files/36410831.pdf"><strong><span style="font-size: small">here.</span></strong></a></p>
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<p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="font-size: small">Download "Canine Influenza: Frequently Asked Questions by Dog Owners" </span></strong><a target="_blank" href="http://www.casalindaanimalclinic.com/files/36412704.pdf"><strong><span style="font-size: small">here.</span></strong></a></p>
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